财务管理目标
【财务管理】财务管理的目标1
财务管理的目标1.mp3 来自LearningYard新学苑 00:00 04:52 大家好，今天让我们继续来快乐的介绍财务管理吧！
Hello everyone, today let’s continue to be happy to introduce financial management!
# Financial management #
今天让我们一起来学习财务管理的目标吧。上期提到，财务管理与企业管理息息相关，所以我们财务管理的目标当然与企业脱不了干系啦。[财务管理的目标是企业理财活动希望实现的结果，是评价企业理财活动是否合理的基本标准。]
Let’s learn about the goals of financial management today. Last issue mentioned that financial management is closely related to enterprise management, so our goal of financial management and of course is not related to the business. [ The goal of financial management is the result of enterprise financial activities, and the basic standard to evaluate whether enterprise financial activities are reasonable. ]
目标对任何工作来说都很重要，财务管理也不例外，合适的目标能对我们起到很大的帮助，[不同的财务管理目标会产生不同的财务管理运行机制，科学的设置财务管理目标，对优化理财行为，实现财务管理的良性循环具有重要的意义。]我们会根据财务目标的不同而制定不同的财务策略，这些目标的制定有很多种类，但主要有[利润最大化目标]、[股东财富最大化目标]两种今天我们主要介绍利润最大化目标。
Goals are important to any job, financial management is no exception, appropriate goals can help us a lot ,[ different financial management objectives will produce different financial management operating mechanisms, Scientific setting of financial management objectives is of great significance to optimize financial management behavior and realize the virtuous circle of financial management. We will make different financial strategies according to the different financial objectives. There are many kinds of these goals, but there are two kinds of profit maximization goals and shareholder wealth maximization goals.
利润最大化，明面意思，使利益最大化的目标，但却不是以长期发展的利益最大化，是一种短期的财务决策，这种决策在长期的实践中暴露出了一系列问题。
Profit maximization, clear meaning, the goal of maximizing benefits, but not to maximize the benefits of long-term development, is a short-term financial decision, of problems in long-term practice.
利润最大化缺陷
(1)利润最大化没有考虑利润实现的时间，没有考虑项目报酬的时间价值。例如有A. B两个投资项目，其利润都是700万元，如果不考虑资金的时间价值，则无法判断哪个更符合企业的目标。但如果说A项目的100万元是去年已赚取的，而B项目的100万元是今年赚取的，显然，对于相同的现金流人来说，A项目的获利时间较早，也更具有价值。
(1) Profit maximization does not take into account the time of profit realization or the time value of project compensation. For example, there are A. B two investment projects, its profit is 7 million yuan, if do not consider the time value of funds, it is impossible to determine which is more in line with the objectives of the enterprise. But if the 1 million yuan of the A project was earned last year and the 1 million yuan of the B project is earned this year, it is clear that for the same cash flow people, the profit time of the A project is earlier and more valuable.
利润最大化缺陷
(2)利润最大化没能有效地考虑风险问题。高利润往往伴随着高风险，如果为了利润最大化而选择高风险的投资项目，或进行过度的借贷，企业的经营风险和财务风险就会大大提高。仍以上面的企业为例。假设A、B两个投资项目在今年都赚取了100 万元利润，但A项目的利润全部为现金收人，而B项目的100万元全部是应收账款，显然，B项目的应收账款存在不能收回的风险，因此，A项目更优。
(2) Profit maximization does not effectively consider risk issues. High profit is often accompanied by high risk. If we choose high risk investment projects in order to maximize profits, or make excessive borrowing, the operating risk and financial risk of enterprises will be greatly improved. Still take the above enterprises as an example. Suppose A、B two investment projects have earned 1 million yuan in profits this year, but the profits of A projects are all cash recipients, while 1 million yuan of B projects are all accounts receivable. Obviously, there is a risk that accounts receivable of B projects can not be recovered. Therefore, A projects are better.
利润最大化缺陷
(3)利润最大化没有考虑利润和投人资本的关系。假设A，B两个项目都在今年获得了100万元利润，并且取得的都是现金收人。但是，如果A项目只需投资100万元，而B项目需要投资300万元，显然A项目更好一些，而如果单看利润指标则反映不出这样的问题。
( 3) Profit maximization does not consider the relationship between profit and investment capital. Suppose both A,B projects made 1 million profits this year and received cash recipients. However, if the A project only needs to invest 1 million yuan, and the B project needs to invest 3 million yuan, obviously the A project is better, and if the profit index alone, it will not reflect such a problem.
利润最大化缺陷
(4)利润最大化是基于历史的角度，反映的是企业过去某一期间的盈利水平，并不能反映企业未来的盈利能力。虽然净利润带来了股东权益和企业财富的增加，但并不意味着企业持续经营和持久盈利能力增强、股东在未来能够获得报酬。
(4) Profit maximization is based on a historical perspective, reflecting the profitability of an enterprise in the past period and not the future profitability of the enterprise. Although net profit brings about the increase of shareholders’ equity and enterprise wealth, it does not mean that the enterprise continues to operate and the sustained profitability is enhanced, and the shareholders can be paid in the future.
利润最大化缺陷
(5)利润最大化往社会使企业财务决策带有短期行为的倾向。利润最大化往往会诱使企业只顾实现目前的最大利润，而不顾自己的长远发展。比如企业可能通过减少产品开发、人员培训、技术装备等方面的支出来提高当年利润，但这显然对企业的长期发展不利。
(5) Profit maximization tends to make the financial decisions of enterprises have short-term behavior. Profit maximization often induces enterprises to only realize the maximum profit at present, regardless of their long-term development. For example, enterprises may increase their profits by reducing the expenditure on product development, personnel training, technical equipment and so on, but this is obviously unfavorable to the long-term development of enterprises.
利润最大化缺陷
(6)利润是企业经营成果的会计度量，而对同一经济问题的会计处理方法的多样性和灵适性可以使利润并不反映企业的直实情况。例如，有些企业通过出售资产增加现金收人，表面上利润增加了，但实际上企业财富并没有增加。其他会计政策的选择也可能影响企业的利润。
(6) Profit is the accounting measure of the enterprise’s operating results, and the diversity and adaptability of accounting methods for the same economic problems can make the profit not reflect the direct reality of the enterprise. For example, some companies increase cash receipts by selling assets, ostensibly increasing profits, but in fact corporate wealth has not increased. The choice of other accounting policies may also affect the profits of enterprises.
可见，利润最大化只是对经济效益浅层次的认识，存在一定的片面性。所以，利润最大化并不是财务管理的最优目标。今天的分享就到这里吧。
It can be seen that profit maximization is only a shallow understanding of economic benefits, there is a certain one-sidedness. Therefore, profit maximization is not the optimal goal of financial management. Today’s sharing is here.
参考资料:百度百科。
翻译:谷歌翻译。
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